ParkinsonCanadaV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000E79

C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations

Identifieur interne : 000E79 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000E78; suivant : 000E80

C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations

Auteurs : Marka Van Blitterswijk ; Matthew C. Baker ; Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez ; Roberta Ghidoni ; Luisa Benussi ; Elizabeth Finger ; Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung ; Brendan J. Kelley ; Melissa E. Murray ; Nicola J. Rutherford ; Patricia E. Brown ; Thomas Ravenscroft ; Bianca Mullen ; Peter E. A. Ash ; Kevin F. Bieniek ; Kimmo J. Hatanpaa ; Anna Karydas ; Elisabeth Mccarty Wood ; Giovanni Coppola ; Eileen H. Bigio ; Carol Lippa ; Michael J. Strong ; Thomas G. Beach ; David S. Knopman ; Edward D. Huey ; Marsel Mesulam ; Thomas Bird ; Charles L. White ; Andrew Kertesz ; Dan H. Geschwind ; Vivianna M. Van Deerlin ; Ronald C. Petersen ; Giuliano Binetti ; Bruce L. Miller ; Leonard Petrucelli ; Zbigniew K. Wszolek ; Kevin B. Boylan ; Neill R. Graff-Radford ; Ian R. Mackenzie ; Bradley F. Boeve ; Dennis W. Dickson ; Rosa Rademakers

Source :

Neurology [ 0028-3878 ] ; 2013.

RBID : PMC:3806926

Abstract

Objective:

To identify potential genetic modifiers contributing to the phenotypic variability that is detected in patients with repeat expansions in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72), we investigated the frequency of these expansions in a cohort of 334 subjects previously found to carry mutations in genes known to be associated with a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods:

A 2-step protocol, with a fluorescent PCR and a repeat-primed PCR, was used to determine the presence of hexanucleotide expansions in C9ORF72. For one double mutant, we performed Southern blots to assess expansion sizes, and immunohistochemistry to characterize neuropathology.

Results:

We detected C9ORF72 repeat expansions in 4 of 334 subjects (1.2% [or 1.8% of 217 families]). All these subjects had behavioral phenotypes and also harbored well-known pathogenic mutations in either progranulin (GRN: p.C466LfsX46, p.R493X, p.C31LfsX35) or microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT: p.P301L). Southern blotting of one double mutant with a p.C466LfsX46 GRN mutation demonstrated a long repeat expansion in brain (>3,000 repeats), and immunohistochemistry showed mixed neuropathology with characteristics of both C9ORF72 expansions and GRN mutations.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that co-occurrence of 2 evidently pathogenic mutations could contribute to the pleiotropy that is detected in patients with C9ORF72 repeat expansions. These findings suggest that patients with known mutations should not be excluded from further studies, and that genetic counselors should be aware of this phenomenon when advising patients and their family members.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3806926

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a8250c
PubMed: 24027057
PubMed Central: 3806926

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations</title>
<author><name sortKey="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" sort="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" uniqKey="Van Blitterswijk M" first="Marka" last="Van Blitterswijk">Marka Van Blitterswijk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baker, Matthew C" sort="Baker, Matthew C" uniqKey="Baker M" first="Matthew C." last="Baker">Matthew C. Baker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" sort="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" uniqKey="Dejesus Hernandez M" first="Mariely" last="Dejesus-Hernandez">Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ghidoni, Roberta" sort="Ghidoni, Roberta" uniqKey="Ghidoni R" first="Roberta" last="Ghidoni">Roberta Ghidoni</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Benussi, Luisa" sort="Benussi, Luisa" uniqKey="Benussi L" first="Luisa" last="Benussi">Luisa Benussi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Finger, Elizabeth" sort="Finger, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Finger E" first="Elizabeth" last="Finger">Elizabeth Finger</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" sort="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" uniqKey="Hsiung G" first="Ging-Yuek R." last="Hsiung">Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ravenscroft, Thomas" sort="Ravenscroft, Thomas" uniqKey="Ravenscroft T" first="Thomas" last="Ravenscroft">Thomas Ravenscroft</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>C9ORF72</italic>
 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations</title>
<author><name sortKey="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" sort="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" uniqKey="Van Blitterswijk M" first="Marka" last="Van Blitterswijk">Marka Van Blitterswijk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baker, Matthew C" sort="Baker, Matthew C" uniqKey="Baker M" first="Matthew C." last="Baker">Matthew C. Baker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" sort="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" uniqKey="Dejesus Hernandez M" first="Mariely" last="Dejesus-Hernandez">Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ghidoni, Roberta" sort="Ghidoni, Roberta" uniqKey="Ghidoni R" first="Roberta" last="Ghidoni">Roberta Ghidoni</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Benussi, Luisa" sort="Benussi, Luisa" uniqKey="Benussi L" first="Luisa" last="Benussi">Luisa Benussi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Finger, Elizabeth" sort="Finger, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Finger E" first="Elizabeth" last="Finger">Elizabeth Finger</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" sort="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" uniqKey="Hsiung G" first="Ging-Yuek R." last="Hsiung">Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kelley, Brendan J" sort="Kelley, Brendan J" uniqKey="Kelley B" first="Brendan J." last="Kelley">Brendan J. Kelley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Murray, Melissa E" sort="Murray, Melissa E" uniqKey="Murray M" first="Melissa E." last="Murray">Melissa E. Murray</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rutherford, Nicola J" sort="Rutherford, Nicola J" uniqKey="Rutherford N" first="Nicola J." last="Rutherford">Nicola J. Rutherford</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Patricia E" sort="Brown, Patricia E" uniqKey="Brown P" first="Patricia E." last="Brown">Patricia E. Brown</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ravenscroft, Thomas" sort="Ravenscroft, Thomas" uniqKey="Ravenscroft T" first="Thomas" last="Ravenscroft">Thomas Ravenscroft</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mullen, Bianca" sort="Mullen, Bianca" uniqKey="Mullen B" first="Bianca" last="Mullen">Bianca Mullen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ash, Peter E A" sort="Ash, Peter E A" uniqKey="Ash P" first="Peter E. A." last="Ash">Peter E. A. Ash</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bieniek, Kevin F" sort="Bieniek, Kevin F" uniqKey="Bieniek K" first="Kevin F." last="Bieniek">Kevin F. Bieniek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hatanpaa, Kimmo J" sort="Hatanpaa, Kimmo J" uniqKey="Hatanpaa K" first="Kimmo J." last="Hatanpaa">Kimmo J. Hatanpaa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karydas, Anna" sort="Karydas, Anna" uniqKey="Karydas A" first="Anna" last="Karydas">Anna Karydas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wood, Elisabeth Mccarty" sort="Wood, Elisabeth Mccarty" uniqKey="Wood E" first="Elisabeth Mccarty" last="Wood">Elisabeth Mccarty Wood</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coppola, Giovanni" sort="Coppola, Giovanni" uniqKey="Coppola G" first="Giovanni" last="Coppola">Giovanni Coppola</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bigio, Eileen H" sort="Bigio, Eileen H" uniqKey="Bigio E" first="Eileen H." last="Bigio">Eileen H. Bigio</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lippa, Carol" sort="Lippa, Carol" uniqKey="Lippa C" first="Carol" last="Lippa">Carol Lippa</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Strong, Michael J" sort="Strong, Michael J" uniqKey="Strong M" first="Michael J." last="Strong">Michael J. Strong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Beach, Thomas G" sort="Beach, Thomas G" uniqKey="Beach T" first="Thomas G." last="Beach">Thomas G. Beach</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Knopman, David S" sort="Knopman, David S" uniqKey="Knopman D" first="David S." last="Knopman">David S. Knopman</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huey, Edward D" sort="Huey, Edward D" uniqKey="Huey E" first="Edward D." last="Huey">Edward D. Huey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mesulam, Marsel" sort="Mesulam, Marsel" uniqKey="Mesulam M" first="Marsel" last="Mesulam">Marsel Mesulam</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bird, Thomas" sort="Bird, Thomas" uniqKey="Bird T" first="Thomas" last="Bird">Thomas Bird</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="White, Charles L" sort="White, Charles L" uniqKey="White C" first="Charles L." last="White">Charles L. White</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kertesz, Andrew" sort="Kertesz, Andrew" uniqKey="Kertesz A" first="Andrew" last="Kertesz">Andrew Kertesz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Geschwind, Dan H" sort="Geschwind, Dan H" uniqKey="Geschwind D" first="Dan H." last="Geschwind">Dan H. Geschwind</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Deerlin, Vivianna M" sort="Van Deerlin, Vivianna M" uniqKey="Van Deerlin V" first="Vivianna M." last="Van Deerlin">Vivianna M. Van Deerlin</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petersen, Ronald C" sort="Petersen, Ronald C" uniqKey="Petersen R" first="Ronald C." last="Petersen">Ronald C. Petersen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Binetti, Giuliano" sort="Binetti, Giuliano" uniqKey="Binetti G" first="Giuliano" last="Binetti">Giuliano Binetti</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Miller, Bruce L" sort="Miller, Bruce L" uniqKey="Miller B" first="Bruce L." last="Miller">Bruce L. Miller</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Petrucelli, Leonard" sort="Petrucelli, Leonard" uniqKey="Petrucelli L" first="Leonard" last="Petrucelli">Leonard Petrucelli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K." last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boylan, Kevin B" sort="Boylan, Kevin B" uniqKey="Boylan K" first="Kevin B." last="Boylan">Kevin B. Boylan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Graff Radford, Neill R" sort="Graff Radford, Neill R" uniqKey="Graff Radford N" first="Neill R." last="Graff-Radford">Neill R. Graff-Radford</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mackenzie, Ian R" sort="Mackenzie, Ian R" uniqKey="Mackenzie I" first="Ian R." last="Mackenzie">Ian R. Mackenzie</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boeve, Bradley F" sort="Boeve, Bradley F" uniqKey="Boeve B" first="Bradley F." last="Boeve">Bradley F. Boeve</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dickson, Dennis W" sort="Dickson, Dennis W" uniqKey="Dickson D" first="Dennis W." last="Dickson">Dennis W. Dickson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rademakers, Rosa" sort="Rademakers, Rosa" uniqKey="Rademakers R" first="Rosa" last="Rademakers">Rosa Rademakers</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Neurology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0028-3878</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1526-632X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective:</title>
<p>To identify potential genetic modifiers contributing to the phenotypic variability that is detected in patients with repeat expansions in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (<italic>C9ORF72</italic>
), we investigated the frequency of these expansions in a cohort of 334 subjects previously found to carry mutations in genes known to be associated with a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods:</title>
<p>A 2-step protocol, with a fluorescent PCR and a repeat-primed PCR, was used to determine the presence of hexanucleotide expansions in <italic>C9ORF72</italic>
. For one double mutant, we performed Southern blots to assess expansion sizes, and immunohistochemistry to characterize neuropathology.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results:</title>
<p>We detected <italic>C9ORF72</italic>
 repeat expansions in 4 of 334 subjects (1.2% [or 1.8% of 217 families]). All these subjects had behavioral phenotypes and also harbored well-known pathogenic mutations in either progranulin (<italic>GRN</italic>
: p.C466LfsX46, p.R493X, p.C31LfsX35) or microtubule-associated protein tau (<italic>MAPT</italic>
: p.P301L). Southern blotting of one double mutant with a p.C466LfsX46 <italic>GRN</italic>
 mutation demonstrated a long repeat expansion in brain (>3,000 repeats), and immunohistochemistry showed mixed neuropathology with characteristics of both <italic>C9ORF72</italic>
 expansions and <italic>GRN</italic>
 mutations.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions:</title>
<p>Our findings indicate that co-occurrence of 2 evidently pathogenic mutations could contribute to the pleiotropy that is detected in patients with <italic>C9ORF72</italic>
 repeat expansions. These findings suggest that patients with known mutations should not be excluded from further studies, and that genetic counselors should be aware of this phenomenon when advising patients and their family members.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Ash, Peter E A" sort="Ash, Peter E A" uniqKey="Ash P" first="Peter E. A." last="Ash">Peter E. A. Ash</name>
<name sortKey="Baker, Matthew C" sort="Baker, Matthew C" uniqKey="Baker M" first="Matthew C." last="Baker">Matthew C. Baker</name>
<name sortKey="Beach, Thomas G" sort="Beach, Thomas G" uniqKey="Beach T" first="Thomas G." last="Beach">Thomas G. Beach</name>
<name sortKey="Benussi, Luisa" sort="Benussi, Luisa" uniqKey="Benussi L" first="Luisa" last="Benussi">Luisa Benussi</name>
<name sortKey="Bieniek, Kevin F" sort="Bieniek, Kevin F" uniqKey="Bieniek K" first="Kevin F." last="Bieniek">Kevin F. Bieniek</name>
<name sortKey="Bigio, Eileen H" sort="Bigio, Eileen H" uniqKey="Bigio E" first="Eileen H." last="Bigio">Eileen H. Bigio</name>
<name sortKey="Binetti, Giuliano" sort="Binetti, Giuliano" uniqKey="Binetti G" first="Giuliano" last="Binetti">Giuliano Binetti</name>
<name sortKey="Bird, Thomas" sort="Bird, Thomas" uniqKey="Bird T" first="Thomas" last="Bird">Thomas Bird</name>
<name sortKey="Boeve, Bradley F" sort="Boeve, Bradley F" uniqKey="Boeve B" first="Bradley F." last="Boeve">Bradley F. Boeve</name>
<name sortKey="Boylan, Kevin B" sort="Boylan, Kevin B" uniqKey="Boylan K" first="Kevin B." last="Boylan">Kevin B. Boylan</name>
<name sortKey="Brown, Patricia E" sort="Brown, Patricia E" uniqKey="Brown P" first="Patricia E." last="Brown">Patricia E. Brown</name>
<name sortKey="Coppola, Giovanni" sort="Coppola, Giovanni" uniqKey="Coppola G" first="Giovanni" last="Coppola">Giovanni Coppola</name>
<name sortKey="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" sort="Dejesus Hernandez, Mariely" uniqKey="Dejesus Hernandez M" first="Mariely" last="Dejesus-Hernandez">Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez</name>
<name sortKey="Dickson, Dennis W" sort="Dickson, Dennis W" uniqKey="Dickson D" first="Dennis W." last="Dickson">Dennis W. Dickson</name>
<name sortKey="Finger, Elizabeth" sort="Finger, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Finger E" first="Elizabeth" last="Finger">Elizabeth Finger</name>
<name sortKey="Geschwind, Dan H" sort="Geschwind, Dan H" uniqKey="Geschwind D" first="Dan H." last="Geschwind">Dan H. Geschwind</name>
<name sortKey="Ghidoni, Roberta" sort="Ghidoni, Roberta" uniqKey="Ghidoni R" first="Roberta" last="Ghidoni">Roberta Ghidoni</name>
<name sortKey="Graff Radford, Neill R" sort="Graff Radford, Neill R" uniqKey="Graff Radford N" first="Neill R." last="Graff-Radford">Neill R. Graff-Radford</name>
<name sortKey="Hatanpaa, Kimmo J" sort="Hatanpaa, Kimmo J" uniqKey="Hatanpaa K" first="Kimmo J." last="Hatanpaa">Kimmo J. Hatanpaa</name>
<name sortKey="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" sort="Hsiung, Ging Yuek R" uniqKey="Hsiung G" first="Ging-Yuek R." last="Hsiung">Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung</name>
<name sortKey="Huey, Edward D" sort="Huey, Edward D" uniqKey="Huey E" first="Edward D." last="Huey">Edward D. Huey</name>
<name sortKey="Karydas, Anna" sort="Karydas, Anna" uniqKey="Karydas A" first="Anna" last="Karydas">Anna Karydas</name>
<name sortKey="Kelley, Brendan J" sort="Kelley, Brendan J" uniqKey="Kelley B" first="Brendan J." last="Kelley">Brendan J. Kelley</name>
<name sortKey="Kertesz, Andrew" sort="Kertesz, Andrew" uniqKey="Kertesz A" first="Andrew" last="Kertesz">Andrew Kertesz</name>
<name sortKey="Knopman, David S" sort="Knopman, David S" uniqKey="Knopman D" first="David S." last="Knopman">David S. Knopman</name>
<name sortKey="Lippa, Carol" sort="Lippa, Carol" uniqKey="Lippa C" first="Carol" last="Lippa">Carol Lippa</name>
<name sortKey="Mackenzie, Ian R" sort="Mackenzie, Ian R" uniqKey="Mackenzie I" first="Ian R." last="Mackenzie">Ian R. Mackenzie</name>
<name sortKey="Mesulam, Marsel" sort="Mesulam, Marsel" uniqKey="Mesulam M" first="Marsel" last="Mesulam">Marsel Mesulam</name>
<name sortKey="Miller, Bruce L" sort="Miller, Bruce L" uniqKey="Miller B" first="Bruce L." last="Miller">Bruce L. Miller</name>
<name sortKey="Mullen, Bianca" sort="Mullen, Bianca" uniqKey="Mullen B" first="Bianca" last="Mullen">Bianca Mullen</name>
<name sortKey="Murray, Melissa E" sort="Murray, Melissa E" uniqKey="Murray M" first="Melissa E." last="Murray">Melissa E. Murray</name>
<name sortKey="Petersen, Ronald C" sort="Petersen, Ronald C" uniqKey="Petersen R" first="Ronald C." last="Petersen">Ronald C. Petersen</name>
<name sortKey="Petrucelli, Leonard" sort="Petrucelli, Leonard" uniqKey="Petrucelli L" first="Leonard" last="Petrucelli">Leonard Petrucelli</name>
<name sortKey="Rademakers, Rosa" sort="Rademakers, Rosa" uniqKey="Rademakers R" first="Rosa" last="Rademakers">Rosa Rademakers</name>
<name sortKey="Ravenscroft, Thomas" sort="Ravenscroft, Thomas" uniqKey="Ravenscroft T" first="Thomas" last="Ravenscroft">Thomas Ravenscroft</name>
<name sortKey="Rutherford, Nicola J" sort="Rutherford, Nicola J" uniqKey="Rutherford N" first="Nicola J." last="Rutherford">Nicola J. Rutherford</name>
<name sortKey="Strong, Michael J" sort="Strong, Michael J" uniqKey="Strong M" first="Michael J." last="Strong">Michael J. Strong</name>
<name sortKey="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" sort="Van Blitterswijk, Marka" uniqKey="Van Blitterswijk M" first="Marka" last="Van Blitterswijk">Marka Van Blitterswijk</name>
<name sortKey="Van Deerlin, Vivianna M" sort="Van Deerlin, Vivianna M" uniqKey="Van Deerlin V" first="Vivianna M." last="Van Deerlin">Vivianna M. Van Deerlin</name>
<name sortKey="White, Charles L" sort="White, Charles L" uniqKey="White C" first="Charles L." last="White">Charles L. White</name>
<name sortKey="Wood, Elisabeth Mccarty" sort="Wood, Elisabeth Mccarty" uniqKey="Wood E" first="Elisabeth Mccarty" last="Wood">Elisabeth Mccarty Wood</name>
<name sortKey="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" sort="Wszolek, Zbigniew K" uniqKey="Wszolek Z" first="Zbigniew K." last="Wszolek">Zbigniew K. Wszolek</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Canada/explor/ParkinsonCanadaV1/Data/Main/Exploration

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000E79 | SxmlIndent | more

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000E79 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Wicri/Canada
   |area=    ParkinsonCanadaV1
   |flux=    Main
   |étape=   Exploration
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     PMC:3806926
   |texte=   C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:24027057" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ParkinsonCanadaV1

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29.
Data generation: Thu May 4 22:20:19 2017. Site generation: Fri Dec 23 23:17:26 2022

La maladie de Parkinson au Canada (serveur d'exploration)

C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations

C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations

Source :

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

Pour générer des pages wiki

	La maladie de Parkinson au Canada (serveur d'exploration)
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.